Social Trends
Social Trends
No. 38
2008 edition
Editor: Abigail Self
Assistant editor: Linda
Zealey
Office for National Statistics
Contents
Page
List of fi gures and tables vii
List of contributors and acknowledgements xix
Introduction and overview xxi
1: Population
Population profi le 2
Population change 6
International migration 10
International perspectives 12
2: Households and families
Household composition 16
Partnerships 19
Family formation 22
3: Education and training
Early years education 30
Compulsory education 31
Post-compulsory participation 35
Educational attainment 37
Adult training and learning 41
Educational resources 43
4: Labour market
Labour market profi le 46
Employment 48
Patterns of employment 51
Unemployment 55
Economic inactivity 57
Industrial relations at work 59
5: Income and wealth
Overview 62
Composition of income 65
Earnings 67
Taxes 69
Income distribution 70
Low income 74
Wealth6: Expenditure
Household and personal expenditure 80
Transactions and credit 86
Prices 90
7: Health
Key health indicators 94
Diet and obesity 97
Alcohol and smoking 99
Cancer 101
Mental health 102
Sexual health 104
8: Social protection
Expenditure 108
Carers and caring 111
Sick and disabled people 112
Older people 116
Families and children 117
9: Crime and justice
Crime levels 122
Offences and victims 123
Worry about crime 127
Offenders 129
Prisons and probation 130
Police and the civil justice system 132
10: Housing
Housing stock and housebuilding 136
Tenure and accommodation 137
Homelessness 140
Housing condition and satisfaction with area 142
Housing mobility 144
Housing market and fi nance 146
11: Environment
Environmental concerns and behaviour 150
Global warming and climate change 151
Use of resources 153
Pollution 156
Waste management 158
Countryside, farming and wildlife 160
Social Trends 38: 2008 edition Contents
v
Page
12: Transport
Travel patterns 164
Motor vehicles 166
Public transport 169
Prices and expenditure 171
Transport safety 172
International travel 174
13: Lifestyles and social participation
Leisure and entertainment 178
Cultural activities 181
Gambling 182
Holidays and sporting activities 183
Social participation 186
Volunteering 187
Charity 188
Religion 189
References, further reading and websites 191
Geographical areas 200
Major surveys 204
Symbols and conventions 206
Appendix 208
Index
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