The Impact of Colonialism and Orientalism on the Social Life of Maghrib Countries between the two World ([1]*) Wars.
Introduction
The three main Maghrib Countries Tunis Algeria and Morocco suffered from French occupation, and were influenced by colonization
politically, economically, and socially. An intimate cooperation between colonization
and orientalism was so apparent in the study of the Islamic Political Movements
undertaken previously ([i]). It was clear, in that study, that colonization hindered the programs of these
movements and often waged open war against any Islamic activity. It was evident
that Orientalism was not merely an academic or intellectual endeavor; it was
rather a part of the colonial establishment.
It was very difficult to distinguish between Orientalists and colonial
administrators. This situation was not clear to many Muslim Scholars who were
not familiar with the history of colonization (*
).
However, the Orientalists who were not
attached directly to the colonial administration were of much benefit to the
colonialists. Their studies were utilized in expanding the understanding of the
colonized peoples (indigenes). To this effect,
Muhammad Arkoun said: “the use of these studies by the
colonial administration was known and popular particularly in Algeria .”([ii])
This paper will focus its attention on
the cooperation between Orientalism and Colonization in influencing the social
life in the Maghrib countries taking into consideration that not all social
changes can be attributed solely to Orientalism or colonization. Many Maghribis
bear their own share of the responsibility in effecting these changes. This
paper will be divided into four parts:
First: The attempts to demolish the
social fabric.
Second: The economical situation and its effects on the social life.
Third: Ethics and the social behavior.
Fourth: The case of Women.
* This paper was presented at the 35th
International Congress of Asian and North African Studies,Budapest , Hungary
7-12 July 1997.
Notes and
Refrences
[i] -مازن مطبقاني ." الحركة الإسلامية في المغرب العربي بين الاستشراق
والاستعمار". في المغرب العربي بين الاستعمار والاستشراق
.(جدة : دار الريشة 1989م) ص ص 15-28.
* - This was the case when I submitted my
Ph.D. proposal to the faculty of Da’wa in 1987-1988..
[ii] -محمد أركون."الدراسات العربية والإسلامية في
أوروبا."في مجلة الأصالة
(الجزائر) مجلد 6عدد 4 ربيع الأول 1397هـ (أبريل 1988م) ص 98.
تعليقات
إرسال تعليق